Hardcover. US, Rizzoli, 1st, 1988, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Good, 319 pages, illustrated throughout with 235 illustrations, including 150 in full color. Faint soil to fore edge. Light edgewear and rubbing to dust jacket. Small tear on front end paper.

Hardcover. New York, Arcade Publishing, 1st, 2005, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, Hardcover, 440 pages, illustrations in color and b&w. Clean, unmarked copy with only minor wear to dust jacket. A pioneer of modern art and founder of Cubism, Georges Braque was a creative genius and tireless innovator, constantly pushing back the boundaries of the possible. In this magisterial work, Alex Danchev taps a wide range of new sources to reveal the heart and mind of one who helped usher in the greatest revolution in the ways of seeing since the Renaissance and changed the face of modern art. Chapters include: "Memories in anticipation:" The Confirmed Painter, "Mon vieux Wilbourg:" The Encounter with Picasso, "If I should Ide Out There:" The Great War, The prong of the rade" : Late Braque. And much more.

Hardcover. New York, Arcade Publishing, 1st, 2005, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, Hardcover, 440 pages, illustrations in color and b&w. Clean, unmarked copy with only minor wear to dust jacket. A pioneer of modern art and founder of Cubism, Georges Braque was a creative genius and tireless innovator, constantly pushing back the boundaries of the possible. In this magisterial work, Alex Danchev taps a wide range of new sources to reveal the heart and mind of one who helped usher in the greatest revolution in the ways of seeing since the Renaissance and changed the face of modern art. Chapters include: "Memories in anticipation:" The Confirmed Painter, "Mon vieux Wilbourg:" The Encounter with Picasso, "If I should Ide Out There:" The Great War, The prong of the rade" : Late Braque. And much more.

Hardcover. NY, Arcade Publishing, 1st us, 2005, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, Hardcover in a bright dust jacket, 440 pages, color and b&w illustrations. This biography examines Braque's creativity, his personal and professional relationships (with Beckett, Cezanne, Giacometti, Matisse, Miro, Picasso etc) and enriches our understanding of France's early 20th century art culture.

Softcover. Hanover NH, University Press of New England, reprint, 1999, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: None, Softcover, 679 pages, b&w illustrations. Georgia O'Keeffe is arguably the 20th century's leading woman artist. Coming of age along with American modernism, her life was rich in intense relationships -- with family, friends, and especially noted photographer Alfred Stieglitz. Her struggle between the rigorous demands of love and work resulted in extraordinary accomplishments. Her often-eroticized flowers, bones, stones, skulls, and pelvises became extremely well known to a broad American public. The New York Times Book Review named this richly detailed and moving biography a Notable Book of the Year. Clean, bright copy.

Hardcover. New York, New York Graphic Society Books, 2nd pr., 1988, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, Hardcover, 306 pages. b&w and color illustrations throughout. Exceptional copy. Based on the Exhibition at the National Gallery(1988-1989), "Georgia O'Keeffe: 1887-1986" 120 color and 11 black and white illustrations. The book is complemented by documentary photographs and portraits as well as over 120 letters--most of them never published before--written to artists, critics, and friends.

Hardcover. NY, Harry N. Abrams, 1st, 1991, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, Hardcover in a bright dust jacket. 128 pages, illustrated throughout in color and b&w, INSCRIBED BY AUTHOR on front end paper. Light shelf-wear to dust jacket with small crumbled tear to rear cover. Clean, tight copy.

Hardcover. London, Phaidon, 1st, 2005, Hardcover, 360 pages. A compelling insight into Gilbert & George's everyday enigma. The artists' unfailing politeness, consideration for others and open nature exert an irresistible charm. But it's Jonquet's walks with G & G around their home patch of Spitalfields that shed new light on the work, lavishly illustrated with accompanying personal photos.

Hardcover. London, Phaidon, 1st, 2005, Hardcover, 360 pages. A compelling insight into Gilbert & George's everyday enigma. The artists' unfailing politeness, consideration for others and open nature exert an irresistible charm. But it's Jonquet's walks with G & G around their home patch of Spitalfields that shed new light on the work, lavishly illustrated with accompanying personal photos.

Hardcover. New York, Kennedy Galleries, Inc., & Da Capo Press, reprint, 1969, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: None, Biography of painter Gilbert Stuart. Contains 7 black/white illustrations; 6 are reproductions of Stuart's work, and one is a portrait of the artists himself. Very good condition; brown cloth with gilt lettering, corner of the back cover bumped. This edition is an unabridged republication of the first edition published in Cambridged, Massachusetts, in 1932. It is reprinted by arrangement with Harvard University Press.

Hardcover. Indianapolis, Bobbs-Merrill, 1st, 1952, Book: Good, Dust Jacket: None, Hardcover, green cloth with gilt lettering, 326 pages, b&w plates. The story of the sculptor who carved the faces of America's heroic dead on granite mountains, most prominently, Mount Rushmore. Previous owner's name on front fly leaf, otherwise clean. Mild shelf-wear.

Hardcover. New Haven CT, Yale University Press, 1st, 2017, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, Hardcover, 208 pages. Hannah Gluckstein (who called herself Gluck; 1895-1976) was a distinctive, original voice in the early evolution of modern art in Britain. This handsome book presents a major reassessment of Gluck's life and work, examining, among other things, the artist's numerous personal relationships and contemporary notions of gender and social history. Gluck's paintings comprise a full range of artistic genres--still life, landscape, portraiture--as well as images of popular entertainers. Financially independent and somewhat freed from social convention, Gluck highlighted her sexual identity, cutting her hair short and dressing as a man, and the artist is known for a powerful series of self-portraits that played with conventions of masculinity and femininity. Richly illustrated, this volume is a timely and significant contribution to gender studies and to the understanding of a complex and important modern painter.

Hardcover. Cambridge, MD, Tidewater Publishers, 2nd pr., 1977, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Good, 295 pages. Hardcover. B/w illustrations throughout. Light green cloth cover boards, gilt title on spine. Decorated endpapers. Dust jacket unclipped, has a touch of agewear (see images). Pages clean. Binding tight. Spine straight. By word, painting adn sketch, Mr. Tawes recalls with Bay salt and spice that tiny postage stamp of America he christens "the Creek Country."

Hardcover. New York, Knopf, 1st US, 1968, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, 398 pages. Illustrated with 24 pages of black & white photographs. Light foxing to page fore edges. Light wear to price clipped dust jacket. Clean, tight copy.

Hardcover. US, Fantagraphics Books, 1st, 2017, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: None, 79 pages. Hardcover with no dust jacket. A graphic novel of the German artist's life, b&w art by author. Clean, tight copy.

Hardcover. Seattle, Fantagraphics Books, 1st, 2017, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: None, 79 pages. Hardcover with no dust jacket. A graphic novel of the German artist's life, b&w art by author. Clean, tight copy.

Hardcover. NY, Harper & Row , 1st, 1973, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Good, Hardcover, 383 pages. Illustrated with black & white plates. A vivid picture of French art and society in the revolutionary years of the mid-nineteenth century. Previous owners name at top of front endpaper. Clean, tight copy. Dust jacket spine faded.

Softcover. Princeton NJ, Princeton University Press, 2nd pr., 1997, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: None, Softcover in pictorial wrappers, 255 pages. Color and black and white illustrations throughout. Second paperback printing. Bright and clean. Hans Holbein the Younger (1497/8-1543), one of the most versatile and admired painters of the Northern Renaissance, trained under his father in Augsburg and then worked for leading patrons in Switzerland before settling in England as Court Painter to Henry VIII. To commemorate the five-hundredth anniversary of the artist's birth, Oskar Batschmann and Pascal Griener offer this richly illustrated book the first comprehensive monograph on the artist to appear in more than forty years which is a major advance in our understanding of Holbein's contribution to European art.

Hardcover. London, England, Adam & Charles Black, 1st Larger Size Edition, 1909, Book: Good, Dust Jacket: None, 204 pages. Hardcover. Color illustrations throughout. Top edge gilt. Deckled edges. Previous owner's book plate and pen marks on front endpapers. Front hinge cracked, binding still good. Red decorated cover boards, gilt title on spine (faded). Pages have some foxing and tanning from age. Illustrations still very vivid and in excellent condition. Artist memoir and beautiful look at her life in England, painted by her own hand. DOMESTIC SHIPPING ONLY.

Hardcover. Santa Cruz, CA, Flesk Publications, 1st, 2010, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, 304 pages. Hardcover with dust jacket. Color illustrations. Clean, unmarked copy with only minor wear to dust jacket. Harvey Dunn was one of twentieth century America's most powerful illustrators, painters and teachers. This comprehensive volume covers a major portion of his illustrations and paintings for the first time. Content includes illustration art, pioneer and western works, and his powerful World War I pieces inspired by his battlefield sketches. Also included are the rarely seen nudes, portraits, and murals. Paintings from museums and private collections showcase the full range of this talented American artist. For this book, many original paintings were tracked down and re-photographed in order to reintroduce the work of this important artist. Until now, most of Dunn's paintings and illustrations have been unavailable to the public in their original form. Locations of pictures in public collections are listed, as are the original publication dates and places. Additionally, a section is devoted to the artist's working and teaching methods. Also included is a reprinting of Dunn's "An Evening in the Classroom," compiled from notes made during critiques, passing on his inspirational teaching philosophy. A comprehensive list of Dunn's students with sample art is included as well.

Hardcover. New York, Harry N. Abrams, 1st, 1986, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, 288 pages, illustrated throughout in color and b&w. Brown cloth, pictorial dust jacket. Beautiful copy in shrinkwrap. Like new. The first biography of the couple who created the landmark collection that is still the base of most American museums.

Softcover. New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art, First Edition, 1993, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: None, Softcover published to accompany the exhibition, Church's Great Picture, The Heart of the Andes, held at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, October 5, 1993 - January 2, 1994. Clean, bright copy.

Hardcover. New York, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich , 1st, 1972, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, Two hardcovers in a red cloth slipcase. Vol. 1: 234 illustrations., 76 in color, 356 pages. Vol. 2: 307 illustrations, 79 in color, 366 pages. Translated from French by Jean Stewart. Clean set. Some plates, and some photo panoramas, are foldout. A labor of love for the poet who knew Matisse well, and who worked for 27 years on this project. NOTE: DUE TO SIZE AND WEIGHT, DOMESTIC SHIPPING ONLY.

Hardcover. US, Auad Publishing, 1st, 2016, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, 132 pages. Hardcover with dust jacket. Clean, unmarked copy with only minor wear to dust jacket. Henry Patrick Raleigh (1880-1944) was an American illustrator whose drawings of society life defined the Gatsby era. He rose from school dropout at age 12 to esteemed Saturday Evening Post illustrator within the span of two decades. During his nearly forty-year career, Raleigh served as one of the highest paid newspaper and magazine artists in the United States, the lithographer behind many of the United States' government's iconic World War I propaganda posters, and arguably the most prominent story illustrator of the Jazz Age.

Hardcover. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1st US, 2012, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, Hardcover, 394 pages, b&w illustrations. The adventures of Tintin and his dog, Snowy, have captivated people worldwide since they first appeared as an insert in the Belgian Catholic newspaper Le Vintieme Siecle in 1929. Available for the first time in English, this insightful biography delves deep into the psyche of Tintin creator Georges Remi and his public persona Herge. Author of the critically acclaimed Tintin and the World of Herge and the last person to interview Remi, Benoit Peeters tells the complete story behind Herge's origins and shows how and why the nom de plume grew into a larger-than-Remi personality as Tintin's popularity exploded. Drawing on interviews and using recently uncovered primary sources for the first time, Peeters reveals Remi as a neurotic man who sought to escape the troubles of his past by allowing Herge's identity to subsume his own. As Tintin adventured, Herge lived out a romanticized version of life for Remi.

Hardcover. Germany, Steidl, 1st, 2012, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: None, 262 pages. Hardcover with no dust jacket. Very clean, unmarked copy still in publishers shrink-wrap. Photographs throughout. Tight copy. The High and Lonesome Sound combines Cohen's vintage photos, film and musical recordings as well as an anecdotal text into a multimedia tribute to this underappreciated legend of American music whose every performance was, in Cohen's words, "not just a rendition of music, but a test of something to be overcome."

Hardcover. Germany, Steidl, 1st, 2012, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: None, 262 pages. Hardcover with no dust jacket. Very clean, unmarked copy still in publishers shrink-wrap. Photographs throughout. Tight copy. The High and Lonesome Sound combines Cohen's vintage photos, film and musical recordings as well as an anecdotal text into a multimedia tribute to this underappreciated legend of American music whose every performance was, in Cohen's words, "not just a rendition of music, but a test of something to be overcome."

Hardcover. New York, Knopf, 1st, 2015, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, 336 pages. Hardcover with dust jacket. Clean, unmarked copy with only minor wear to dust jacket. Color and Black and white pictures throughout. Brings together for the first time the artist's extraordinary eighty-two-year career, revealed in more than 360 of his iconic black-and-white and color drawings, illustrations, and photographs--his influences, his techniques, his evolution from his earliest works to his last drawings, and with a biographical text by David Leopold, Hirschfeld authority, who, as archivist to the artist, worked side by side with him and has spent more than twenty years documenting the artist's extraordinary output.

Hardcover. New York, Knopf, 1st, 2015, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, 336 pages. Hardcover with dust jacket. Clean, unmarked copy with only minor wear to dust jacket. Color and Black and white pictures throughout. Brings together for the first time the artist's extraordinary eighty-two-year career, revealed in more than 360 of his iconic black-and-white and color drawings, illustrations, and photographs--his influences, his techniques, his evolution from his earliest works to his last drawings, and with a biographical text by David Leopold, Hirschfeld authority, who, as archivist to the artist, worked side by side with him and has spent more than twenty years documenting the artist's extraordinary output.

Hardcover. NY, Skyhorse, 2nd pr., 2021, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, Hardcover in a bright, unclipped dust jacket. 442 pages, color illustrations. The first portrait of the renowned artist's life-as spirited and unique as his pen-and-ink drawings. Beginning in the 1920s, he caricatured Hollywood actors, Washington politicians, and-his favorite-celebrities of the stage. Broadway belonged to Hirschfeld. His work appeared in the New York Times and other publications, as well as on book jackets, album covers, posters, and postage stamps, for more than seventy-five years. He lived in Paris, Moscow, and Bali, and in a pink New York townhouse on a star-studded block where his closest friends-Carol Channing, S. J. Perelman, Gloria Vanderbilt, Brooks Atkinson, Elia Kazan, Marlene Dietrich, and William Saroyan-flocked in and out.

Hardcover. NY, Skyhorse, 2nd pr., 2021, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, Hardcover in a bright, unclipped dust jacket. 442 pages, color illustrations. The first portrait of the renowned artist's life-as spirited and unique as his pen-and-ink drawings. Beginning in the 1920s, he caricatured Hollywood actors, Washington politicians, and-his favorite-celebrities of the stage. Broadway belonged to Hirschfeld. His work appeared in the New York Times and other publications, as well as on book jackets, album covers, posters, and postage stamps, for more than seventy-five years. He lived in Paris, Moscow, and Bali, and in a pink New York townhouse on a star-studded block where his closest friends-Carol Channing, S. J. Perelman, Gloria Vanderbilt, Brooks Atkinson, Elia Kazan, Marlene Dietrich, and William Saroyan-flocked in and out.

Hardcover. New York, E. P. Dutton, 1st, 1979, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, Hardcover, 206 pages, b&w illustrations. White cloth spine, red boards. Pictorial dust jacket. For-edge rough cut. Light wear to edges and covers, slight bump to lower edge of spine, else a very nice, tight, clean copy.

Hardcover. New York, E. P. Dutton, 1st, 1979, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, Hardcover, 206 pages, b&w illustrations. White cloth spine, red boards. Pictorial dust jacket. For-edge rough cut. Light wear to edges and covers, slight bump to lower edge of spine, else a very nice, tight, clean copy.

Hardcover. New Haven, Yale University Press, 1st, 1971, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Good, Hardcover set. Volume I: 558 pages. Cloth boards. Illustrated with black & white reproductions of works by Hogarth. Dust jacket quite worn along edges with some tape repair to small tears. Clean, tight copy. Volume II: 557 pages. Cloth boards. Illustrated with black & white reproductions of works by Hogarth. Fore-edge shows slightest foxing. Dust jacket worn along edges with small tears and creases. Clean, tight copy. NOTE: DUE TO WEIGHT AND SIZE, DOMESTIC SHIPPING ONLY.

Softcover. New Brunswick, Rutgers University Press, Revised Ed., 1991, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: None, Three softcover volumes, complete set. Clean, tight trade paperbacks with unmarked interior and text. Straight uncreased spines; like new. b&w illustrations. Indexed. xxiv, 411; xviii, 477; xvi, 567 pages. DUE TO WEIGHT, DOMESTIC SHIPPING ONLY.

Softcover. New York, Faber & Faber, 1st, 2007, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: None, Softcover, 229 pages, illustrated throughout in b&w. Clean, unmarked copy in excellent condition. Andrzej Klimowski has already produced two intriguing graphic novels that have combined his skill as a poster designer with his exceptional narrative gifts. Both were stories without words. In his third novel, which alternates text and pictures, he has become more ambitious.

Hardcover. New York, Harry N. Abrams, 1st, 2015, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, 56 pages. Hardcover with dust jacket. Clean, unmarked copy with only minor wear to dust jacket. Color and Black and white pictures throughout. Shocking pink--hot pink, as it is called today--was the signature color of Elsa Schiaparelli (1890-1973) and perhaps her greatest contribution to the fashion world. Schiaparelli was one of the most innovative designers in the early 20th century. Many design elements that are taken for granted today she created and brought to the forefront of fashion. She is credited with many firsts: trompe l'oeil sweaters with collars and bows knitted in; wedge heels; shoulder bags; and even the concept of a runway show for presenting collections. Hot Pink explores Schiaparelli's childhood in Rome, her introduction to high fashion in Paris, and her swift rise to success collaborating with surrealist and cubist artists like Salvador Dali and Jean Cocteau. The book includes an author's note, a list of museums and websites where you can find Schiaparelli's fashions, endnotes, a bibliography, and an index.

Hardcover. NY, Clarkson Potter, 1st, 1975, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, Definitive study of the pioneer American illustrator. 39 color, 165 black & white illustrations. 248 pages. Faint fade to edge, spine of orange dust jacket,

Hardcover. London, A.& C. Black, 1st, 1931, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, Hardcover, 12 color plates, many black & white illustrations, 269 pages. Scarce in dust jacket.

Hardcover. Bloomington IN, Indiana University Press, 1st, 1993, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, Hardcover in a bright dust jacket. 263 pages,16 BW illus., 16 color plates. Takes us into the mind of American abstract painter Ethel Schwabacher (1903-1984). "Comparable to such important literary journals as those of Virginia Woolf and Anais Nin, Schwabacher's record will become a valuable resource for research into the creative process as well as the art history and theory of our time." Clean copy.

Softcover. NY, Ten Speed Graphic, 1st, 2023, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: None, Softcover, 201 pages. Everyone knows Stan Lee: His work at the creative helm of Marvel Comics resulted in the creation of many of the superheroes we know and love today, including Spider-Man, Iron Man, Black Panther, Doctor Strange, and more. During his decades-long career at Marvel, Lee turned the comic book publisher into a cultural juggernaut that shaped and defined the burgeoning industry. In I Am Stan, critically acclaimed artist Tom Scioli reveals the man behind the comics and cameos using the same medium Stan Lee revolutionized. This stunning graphic novel takes readers from his early days in the comics industry through his rise at Marvel (then Timely Comics), where his career was touched by other iconic creatives including Jack Kirby and Joe Simon. Their collaboration would lead to the creation of the most iconic superheroes of today, and bring about the Marvel Age of the 60's and 70's that introduced new industry stars like Steve Ditko, and John Buscema. Readers will follow Lee's trajectory from his daily life at Marvel to his later years as a spokesperson for the company and for comics as a whole, and finally to his last years away from the spotlight. Scioli provides a clear-eyed view of Lee's triumphs at Marvel as well as the controversies that surrounded the creator at the end of his life. Clean copy.

Hardcover. New York, Funk and Wagnalls, 1st, 1971, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, Eric Sloane presents a volume containing autobiographical notes and reproductions of his paintings. 184 pages, featuring 37 color plates of Sloane's oil paintings in addition to numerous other black-ink drawings. Excellent condition; book has no internal flaws but few very light marks on the cover. Dust jacket is in very good condition, very slight rubbing and wear, price-clipped.

Hardcover. New York, Doubleday, 1st, 1991, 604 pages. Hardcover with dust jacket. Light yellowing and wear to top edge of dust jacket. Minor foxing to top edge of textblock. An otherwise clean, unmarked copy. Recollections by fellow artists and collaborators elucidate the life of teacher and choreographer George Balanchine.

Hardcover. New York , Orchard Books, 1st, 1993, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, Hardcover, 128 pages, illustrated with b&w photographs and sketches by Lewin. A memoir of his brief stint as a professional wrestler.

Hardcover. Garden City, Doubleday & Co, 1st, 1976, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, 549 pages. Tan cloth cover with gilt lettering to spine, color illustrated dust jacket, b&w illustrations, comprehensive reference work on Western American art. Light wear to dust jacket; overall a clean, tight copy.

Softcover. Decatur IL, Daniel Zimmer, 1st, 2020, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: None, Softcover magazine, 80 pages, color plates throughout. An issue devoted entirely to Austin Briggs and his illustrations.

Softcover. Decatur IL, Illustrated Press, 1st, 2022, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: None, Softcover, magazine format, 80 pages illustrated in color. Covers the life and work of this iconic American illustrator.

Hardcover. Boston, David R Godine, 1st, 2001, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, 99 pages. Hardcover with dust jacket. Very clean, unmarked copy with only minor edgewear. Black and white images throughout. These letters were written between 1950 and 1964 as Lebrun moved between the United States, Mexico and Italy and provide a glimpse into the artist's thoughts during that period.

Hardcover. Boston, David R Godine, 1st, 2001, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: Very Good, 99 pages. Hardcover with dust jacket. Very clean, unmarked copy with only minor edgewear. Black and white images throughout. These letters were written between 1950 and 1964 as Lebrun moved between the United States, Mexico and Italy and provide a glimpse into the artist's thoughts during that period.

Softcover. The MIT Press , reprint, 2005, Book: Very Good, Dust Jacket: None, Softcover, The first publication documenting the work of Brooks Stevens, one of America's most influential twentieth-century designers. A long overdue introduction to the work of visionary industrial designer Brooks Stevens (1911-1995). Believing that an industrial designer "should be a businessman, an engineer, and a stylist, in that order," Stevens created thousands of ingenious and beautiful designs for industrial and household products--including a clothes dryer with a window in the front, a wide-mouthed peanut butter jar, and the Oscar Mayer Wienermobile. ("There's nothing more aerodynamic than a wiener," he explained.) He invented a precursor to the SUV by turning a Jeep into a station wagon after World War II, and streamlined steam irons so that they resembled aircraft. It was Brooks Stevens who, in 1954, coined the phrase "planned obsolescence," defining it as "instilling in the buyer the desire to own something a little newer, a little better, a little sooner than is necessary." This concept has since been blamed for everything from toasters that stop working to today's throwaway culture, but Stevens was simply recognizing the intentionally ephemeral nature of a designer's work. Asked once to name his favorite design, he replied, "none, because every one would have to be restudied for the tastes of tomorrow." Clean copy still in publisher's shrinkwrap.